Practice Name:

Controlling Aphids in Crops

Details

Category	Crop Production
Crop	groundnut
Crop Family	groundnut : Legumes
Scientific Name	groundnut (Arachis hypogaea)
Vernacular Name	groundnut : magafali
Scout	HBN
Ingredients	Leaves of custard apple (Annona squamosa), milky sap of crown flower (Calotropis gigantea), tobacco(Nicotiana tabaccum), copper sulphate, biogas slurry
Details Of Innovation	Aphid attack intensifies in cloudy weather, especially in crops like groundnut (Arachis hypogaea). These small, black or greenish insects start byinfesting the lower parts of the plant and gradually reach the leaves and flowers. They release and deposit sticky substance from their bodies as a result of which, leaves become sticky and mouldy. Aphid is known as "galo" or "sakariya" in local language in these parts. When the pest infestation is seen, Govindbhai Desai from Junagadh district of Gujarat takes 500 g custard apple (Annona squamosa) leaves and boils these in 1 L water till about one fourth remains in the vessel. He also boils 100 g tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) powder in 500 g water and filters the solution. He then mixes both the solutions and adds 50 g milky sap of crown flower (Calotropis gigantea), 10 g copper sulphate (CuSO4) and 50 g stinking white slurry of biogas plant . He uses this mixture for spraying purpose. Govindbhai has effectively tested this indigenous pesticide on groundnut (Arachis hypogaea), castor (Ricinus cummunis), pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) crops. It has given him good results in controlling the aphids. Except copper sulphate (CuSO4), all the ingredients are organic.

Innovator / Knowledge Provider	Govindbhai Jivabhai Desai Desai
District	Junagadh
KVK District	Krushi Vigyan Kendra, Ambuja Foundation, Ambuja Cement Plant, Kodinar (Dist. Junagadh-Gujarat)
Address	Junagadh Gujarat
Languages Spoken	Gujarati
Vocation	Farming
State	Gujarat
PIN Code	362001

PAS 1	"Indian farmers use a variety of plant products and extracts for pest control. The most commonly used botanicals are neem (Azadirachta indica), pongamia (Pongamia glabra) and manhua (Madhuca indica). Neem seed kernel extract (2 to 5%) has been found effective against several pests including cutworm, plant hopper, leafhoppers, tobacco caterpillar, and several species of aphids and mites. Mahua seed kernel extract (5%) is effective against sawfly (Athalia lugnes proxima) and others. Root extracts of Targets or Asparagus work as a nematicide for plant parasitic nematodes. Similarly, leaft extracts of many higher plants can inhibit a number of fungal pathogens." https://www.indiaagronet.com/tomato/resources/16/16center.htm
PAS 2	"Traditional pest management practices in Kanyakumari district, southern peninsular India - The paper deals with pests of paddy crop and coconut plantation, and their management through traditional methods by indigenous people of Kanyakumari district, Tamil Nadu. A total of 10 insect pests and 2 non-insect pests were identified in paddy fields. In coconut plantation, only 3 insect pests were recorded. The farmers use lime, fly ash and some plant species, namely Azadiracta indica A. Juss., Aloe barbadensis Mill., Coleus amboinicus Lour. and Pongamia pinnata Pierre as pest deterrent materials as well as fertilizer. Different types of traps used against insect pests such as fire trap, meat trap, plant trap and pot trap are effective in controlling pests." http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/6802
PAS 3	"Insecticidal Property of Calotropis Gigantea against Papaya Mealybug (Paracoccus Marginatus) on Ailanthus Excelsa – Management of invasive alien insect, the papaya mealy bug, Paracoccus marginatus is of great importance because it even threatens tree species of economic importance. Secondary metabolites of the plants, including herbs and weeds are used as suitable alternative pesticide/insecticide and Calotropis gigantea is an ideal plant species for the extraction of pest-resistant molecules. The present study focused on the exploration of an alternate ecofriendly plant-based insecticide. The bioefficacy of the extracts of the flowers of Calotropis gigantea tested against papaya mealy bug infestation in Ailanthus excelsa was found to have insecticidal activity (90-95%) at 2000 ppm within 24 hours of treatment. Individual phytochemical profiling of active botanicals revealed significant variation among pink and white colour flower for tannin, saponins, free fatty acids and alkaloids quantity. HPLC analysis also revealed high amounts of the bioactive compounds such as syringic acid, syringaldehyde and hydroxy benzoic. The insecticidal potential of the flower extracts of C. gigantea may be due to the presence of the individual phenolic compounds which are identified and quantified in significant amount" http://www.ijirst.org/articles/IJIRSTV4I1069.pdf
Agro Ecological Zone	Agro Ecological Sub Region (ICAR) Arid western Plains (5.1), Agro-Climatic Zone (Planning Commission) Gujarat Plains & Hills Region (XIII), Agro Climatic Zone (NARP) South Saurashtra Zone (GJ.7)
Practice ID	DTP0010000002692
Annotation ID	GIAN/GAVL/347
Reference	lok (2)1 Jan-Feb-1997, Pg No. 8
Pest Group	Sap-sucking insects
Pest Scientific Names	(Aphidoidea spp.)
Technology Transfer Terms	DIY