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PAS 1
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"Gardeners in the 18th century used kerosene to treat for insect infestation on crops. Although the kerosene application was quite effective, it was also very damaging or had high phytotoxicity to the plants that it was supposed to protect. In the mid-1900s, with improvements in refining technology, a new generation of petroleum-based oils or mineral oils was produced as pesticides. These petroleum oils were lightweight, had few impurities, and were lower in phytotoxicity when used as directed. Today, there are many commercially available petroleum- or plant-based horticultural oils." https://extension.tennessee.edu/publications/Documents/W415.pdf
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PAS 2
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"Kerosene As An Insecticide" - https://chestofbooks.com/gardening-horticulture/American/Kerosene-As-An-Insecticide.html
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PAS 3
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"Impact of Four Insecticides on Japanese Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Egg Predators and White Grubs in Turfgrass - Field experiments were conducted to measure the effects of four commonly used turfgrass insecticides (isofenphos, diazinon, imidacloprid, halofenozide) on white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) and ant predators of white grub eggs. Ant populations were measured over time with canned tuna, whereas predation by the ants was measured with artificially placed Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica Newman, eggs. The effectiveness of each insecticide at controlling Japanese beetle grubs, when applied at different times during the growing season, also was measured. Isofenphos and diazinon significantly reduced both ant numbers and white grub egg predation, whereas imidacloprid and one halofenozide treatment did not significantly impact either measurement. A second halofenozide treatment significantly reduced white grub egg predation. Isofenphos and diazinon were ineffective at controlling Japanese beetle grubs when applied in June but were highly efficacious when applied in August. Evidence of enhanced biodegradation was found in plots that received both June and August applications of diazinon. Both June and August applications of imidacloprid and halofenozide provided good control of white grubs." https://academic.oup.com/jee/article-abstract/94/1/145/2217394
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Other Community Practices
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"Pest and disease free coconut ."https://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/bitstream/123456789/13476/1/Pest%20&Disease.pdf
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Practice ID
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KNW0020000000488
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Annotation ID
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GIAN/GAVL/112
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Reference
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HBN database
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Pest Scientific Names
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(Meloidae spp.)
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Technology Transfer Terms
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DIY
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